Research · Report · September 11, 2026

The Red Flags

We scanned every rated project for named integrity failures. Most of the market's risk is systemic — but a tail of projects carries specific, avoidable red flags.

Based on CarbonDecode's ratings of 11,649 projects · registry data as of 2026-06 · 6 min read

The short version
  • 71% of rated projects (8,326) carry at least one integrity flag.
  • — Most of that risk is systemic, not one-off: over-crediting risk (type) alone touches 42% of the market.
  • — The flags that should actually stop a purchase are project-specific — reversals, missing buffers, stalled verification — and they cluster in a smaller tail.
  • — A clean grade is not a clean bill of health: read the flags, not just the letter.

Most risk is systemic

When we scan every scorecard for named integrity flags, the two most common are not about any single project — they're about its category. Whole classes of credits carry structural over-crediting and additionality risk, and that shows up on a large share of the market at once.

Over-crediting risk (type)
42% · 4,945
Additionality risk (type)
18% · 2,111

This is the honest, uncomfortable baseline: the biggest integrity problems in the voluntary market are priced into entire project types. That's useful — it tells a buyer where not to look first — but it isn't what separates a good project from a bad one within a category.

The flags that should stop a purchase

The signals that actually distinguish projects are evidence-based and specific — drawn from a project's own buffer, vintage, verification, and retirement record. They are rarer, and that's precisely why they matter: a project carrying one of these is telling you something its grade alone may not.

Red flagSeverityProjects
Uncovered reversalcritical30
Inactive statushigh832
No buffer poolhigh369
Buffer released for reversalhigh22
Late to verifymedium882
Thin buffer poolmedium147
Low retirementlow530
Stale vintageslow359

Note the top of the table: the highest-severity flags — uncovered reversals, drawn-down buffers, no buffer at all — are the rarest, but they represent carbon that was claimed and then lost, or was never protected. In a portfolio, one of these outweighs a dozen cosmetic concerns.

A clean grade is not a clean bill of health

Only 30 projects carry a critical flag — reassuringly few — but that is exactly why the flag layer matters: it surfaces the rare, serious failures that a headline grade can average away. The grade tells you where a credit sits; the flags tell you what to check before you trust it.

How flags are assigned

Flags are named, severity-ranked rules in our scoring rubric. Systemic flags come from project-type priors; project-specific flags fire on a project's own registry record — buffer adequacy, reversal events, vintage age, verification cadence, and retirement ratios. Data derives from public registry records (the Berkeley Carbon Trading Project) and the registries themselves. See the full methodology →

Check the flags before you buy

Every project's flags, grade, and evidence — free to browse, or pull the data programmatically.